7 causes of drooling during sleep

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The concept of drooling

Drooling during sleep is one of the sleep disorders that makes a person feel embarrassed in front of others and is often spread among children in the stage of tooth development. Infection with certain diseases can increase the secretion of saliva and may be called drooling, and this condition suffers from millions of people every day during sleep.

The salivary glands in the human mouth secrete 1.5 liters of saliva per day, which are swallowed automatically, and in some cases the rate of salivation exceeds the normal limit, or the person’s ability to swallow saliva decreases, which leads to its flow out of the body. Mouth.

Causes of drooling

Drooling occurs as a result of many factors, including so the person who suffers from this problem must know the causes of drooling during sleep and methods of prevention and treatment, as this problem may be an indication of infection with some diseases.

1- Sleep on one side constantly

Do you sleep on one side constantly, whether on the right or the left? Your answer to this question may be the reason why you have drooling during sleep. When you sleep on the side, it pushes you to open your mouth throughout sleep and prompts the saliva to drip onto the pillow instead of going down. These are the most common causes of drooling during sleep.

2- Sinusitis

Respiratory infection is usually associated with breathing and swallowing, and if a person’s nose becomes blocked by influenza, they breathe through their mouth, leading to increased salivation and leakage from the mouth during sleep as a result. From its accumulation.

3- Tonsillitis

Tonsillitis and swelling may disrupt the drainage of saliva, so saliva will accumulate under the throat and drooling will occur.

4- Gingivitis

Inflamed gums cause problems when breathing, and increased salivation, which leads to drooling during sleep.

5- Neurological disorders

You may have difficulty controlling saliva if you suffer from a neurological disorder. It could be facial paralysis, Parkinson’s disease, Alzheimer’s disease, stroke, autism, muscular sclerosis or multiple sclerosis.

6- Medicines and chemicals

If the drug may be a medicinal drug, it is used in the pathways that lead to salivation.

7- Sensitivity

Nasal and food allergies, which increase saliva production and drooling.

 

4 Natural recipes to treat hair loss

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Hair loss or breakage is a common and annoying problem that affects many men, especially women.
And because hair is an element of beauty and attractiveness for women and men, they always strive to preserve it and take care of its appearance, and exposure to hair loss is a disturbing nightmare, which causes a bad psychological state, and both feel frustrated when they see their pillow full of hair when they wake up, or the brush full of hair when styling it ,
Hair loss can be due to various reasons such as genetic factors, hormonal disorders, stress, environment, negative influence of environmental factors, taking medications, diseases of internal organs, etc.
The topic of hair loss is big and has many causes, so in this article we will talk about 4 natural recipes to get rid of hair loss. These recipes give a guaranteed result, especially if you discover that your hair is falling out at first. If you reach the stage of baldness, these recipes may not work for you

Natural recipes for treating hair loss

1- Onion juice recipe

-The benefits of onions
Onions are rich in sulfur, which is useful in increasing collagen production, working on hair regrowth, and treating hair loss.

-How is the method used?

• Finely chop the onion, put the resulting onion juice on the scalp and leave it for about a quarter of an hour.
• Wash the scalp and hair well with water and shampoo, and repeat the recipe once a week for better results.

2- Coconut milk recipe

-Benefits of coconut
Coconut milk contains a large percentage of essential fats, iron and potassium, and it can be used to treat hair loss, eliminate it, and give it density, vitality and growth.

-How is the method used?

• Mix half a cup of coconut milk with the juice of half a lemon, in addition to 4 drops of lavender oil.
• The mixture is applied to the hair and scalp, then the hair is washed with water and shampoo.

3- Apple cider vinegar recipe

-Benefits of apple cider vinegar
Apple cider vinegar has an effective role in cleaning the scalp, it helps maintain the pH of the hair, regrow hair and get rid of hair loss, and apple cider vinegar recipe can be used to treat hair loss quickly.

-How is the method used?

• Mix 75ml of apple cider vinegar and 1 liter of warm water together to obtain a dilute solution of apple cider vinegar.
• Use an apple cider vinegar solution to rinse the hair, then wash the hair with water and shampoo, and repeat the recipe once a week.

4- Fenugreek recipe

-Benefits of Fenugreek
Fenugreek is one of the most important ancient remedies to get rid of hair loss, and it is rich in proteins, nicotinic acid, and useful substances in hair growth and germination, and the recipe can be used for hair loss.

-How is the method used?

• Mixing a tablespoon of fenugreek seeds with a cup of water well, and chop them well until you get a smooth paste.
• Add a little olive oil in the past, and put the mixture on the hair and scalp, and leave it for half an hour. And wash the hair with water and shampoo and repeat the recipe once a week.

 The 6 best foods that benefit the mother and the child during breastfeeding

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The period of breastfeeding is one of the most important stages in the formation of the body, providing it with the nutrients it needs, and it also helps to give the child an immunity that protects it from infection and protects it from any disease, and we will mention below: Food important that the mother should ingest during breastfeeding. And what benefits both the health of the mother and the child.

Food that benefits the mother and the child during the breastfeeding period.

1- Green leafy vegetables

Leafy vegetables are one of the most important healthy foods that are beneficial to the mother during the breastfeeding period, and useful for the infant.

-Green leafy vegetables are one of the most important healthy foods that are beneficial to the mother during the breastfeeding period, and beneficial for the infant, because they work to generate milk.

-One of the most important green leafy vegetables is spinach, rich in phytoestrogens, which are the most important hormones for breastfeeding and breast tissue.

Among the best green leafy vegetables that a nursing woman should eat include:
Parsley, dill, green cabbage, lettuce, watercress.

2-Oats

-Oats contain dietary fiber and nutrients that are beneficial to the body of a nursing mother and fetus.

-Oats help to generate breast milk, and the air contains oatmeal nutrients for the fetus, such as iron and calcium, which are among the most important elements that provide the body with energy.

3-carrots

-Carrots help to generate milk in the nursing mother, as it contains a large proportion of vitamin A, in addition to the phytoestrogen hormone, which is necessary for the nursing mother during the lactation period to supply the baby’s body with useful elements for her body.

-Carrots help prevent anemia while breastfeeding. For this reason, it is recommended to drink 3 cups of carrot and beet juice a week.

4-Nuts

-Nuts help improve milk production in a nursing mother and are high in healthy omega-3 acids, proteins and unsaturated oils, which are beneficial elements to boost the baby’s brain development and improve his nervous system.

5-Red and white meats

Meat contains protein, which is an essential component of a mother’s body strength and the proper development of the fetus.

-Helps in the proper growth of the bones of the fetus, because they contain calcium.

-It helps in strengthening brain functions, such as intelligence, comprehension and understanding.

6-Milk, cheese and eggs.

-Eggs contain high-quality complete protein, which means that they contain all nine essential amino acids in the amounts that the body needs to function.

-Milk is an excellent source of vitamins and minerals, such as potassium, vitamin B12, calcium and vitamin D, which many foods lack, and it is also a good source of vitamin A, magnesium and zinc.

-Cheese also contains many essential nutrients, such as protein, calcium, zinc, and vitamin B12, which can promote good health and prevent disease. Here are some of the health benefits of cheese.

 

Do people with pronounced cheekbones have stronger jaw muscles?

No. If anything, as I explain below, more prominent cheekbones might be correlated with a slightly weaker bite.

Let’s begin with some basic skeletomuscular anatomy. “Cheekbone” is the colloquial name for the zygomatic bone, highlighted here. As you can see, if you touch (palpate) the lower lateral corner of your orbit (eye socket), the bone you feel there is the edge of the zygomatic bone. If you palpate upward from your molar teeth until the skull flares out, that’s the lower margin of the zygomatic bone.

I like your choice of words, “pronounced cheekbones,” better than the common expression “high cheekbones.” These bones can’t get any higher than the margin of your orbit or they’d obstruct the eye. I haven’t given a lot of thought or analysis to this (much less made a comparative study of skulls and ethnic groups for this trait), but it seems to me if someone is described as having high cheekbones, it really means the face below the zygomatic bone (the maxilla especially) is a little longer than average. The women below, in my opinion, are better described by your expression, as having pronounced cheekbones rather than “high” ones. The bones flare outward more, rather than being higher on the face.

For the purpose of your question (bite strength), there are two pairs of biting muscles to be considered. (I will omit two other pairs that produce the side-to-side grinding actions of the jaw.) One pair is the masseter muscles and the other, the temporalis muscles.

The temporalis muscle has no connection to the zygomatic bone. Its tendon passes behind it but it has no bearing on your question. It arises, fanlike, from a ridge above the ear and its tendon ends on part of the mandible called the coronoid process, so when it contracts, it lifts the mandible.

The masseter muscle does arise from the zygomatic bone, so it’s the more logical focus of the question at hand. (I added the yellow arrow and I explain that further on.)

Unusually prominent cheekbones, though, would only increase the length of the masseter or its tendon. The strength of a muscle isn’t determined by its length, but by its thickness at the widest point. Thickness is proportional to the number and size of the muscle fibers and they are what determine contraction force. On that principle, this is why a big biceps muscle in the arm is stronger than a small one.

I don’t see reason to think a slightly longer muscle, in the case of a prominent cheekbone, would be any wider or stronger. It might even be a little bit weaker (although not significantly so, I would think).

Let’s consider that masseter from an anterior view and some principles of biomechanics. Below left, I’ve taken an image straight from Google Images and superimposed a vertical black line and another along the axis of the muscle. The angle between these is 20°. If the masseter were oriented straight up and down, it would exert its full force (100%) on the mandible. But being at a 20° angle to it, it exerts only 94% of its force on it. The force exerted by a muscle is a function of the cosine of its angle of insertion; cos 20 = 0.94.

Now on the right, I stretched the image a little bit to crudely simulate how the angle of insertion would change if the zygomatic bone projected more laterally, as in the women above. (Ignore the distortion of the upper head—not my intent but unavoidable in my crude manipulation of the graphic.) Even as much as I stretched this, the angle of insertion changes by only 3°. The cosine of 23 is 0.90, so in this case the muscle would exert only 90% of its force on the mandible—a little bit less than in the former case.

For that reason, everything else being equal, we can at least speculate that a wider flare of the cheekbones would slightly weaken the bite force.

How do you test stomach acid levels?

The stomach acid test is used to measure the amount of acid in the stomach. It also measures the level of acidity in stomach contents.

The stomach acid test is a test to evaluate the capacity of the parietal cells in the stomach to secrete acid. The test is performed by aspirating fluid through a tube that is inserted down the esophagus to the stomach. This test may be used to test for the cause of ulcers, to detect duodenal regurgitation, to evaluate the cause of malabsorption, to assess the adequacy of anti-ulcer medications, and to evaluate secretion of gastrin.

How the Test is Performed

The test is done after you have not eaten for a while so fluid is all that remains in the stomach. Stomach fluid is removed through a tube that is inserted into the stomach through the esophagus (food pipe).

A hormone called gastrin may be injected into your body. This is done to test the ability of the cells in the stomach to release acid. The stomach contents are then removed and analyzed.

How to Prepare for the Test

You will be asked not to eat or drink for 4 to 6 hours before the test.

How the Test will Feel

You may have some discomfort or a gagging feeling as the tube is inserted.

Why the Test is Performed

Your health care provider may recommend this test for the following reasons:

• To check if anti-ulcer medicines are working
• To check if material is coming back up from the small intestine
• To test for the cause of ulcers

Normal Results

The normal volume of the stomach fluid is 20 to 100 mL and the pH is acidic (1.5 to 3.5). These numbers are converted to actual acid production in units of milliequivalents per hour (mEq/hr) in some cases.

Note: Normal value ranges may vary slightly depending on the lab doing the test. Talk to your provider about the meaning of your specific test results.

Source:https://www.mountsinal.org > 

 

What are the biochemical basis of cyanide poisoning?

To understand how cyanide poisoning works, you need to know what ETS is.

ETS (electron transport system) is a series of protein complexes in the inner mitochondrial membrane. ETS utilises the NADH and FADH2 to form ATP.

It consists of 5 complexes:

• Complex I : NADH dehydrogenase
• Complex II : Succinate dehydrogenase
• Complex III : Cytochrome c reductase
• Complex IV : Cytochrome c oxidase
• Complex V : ATPase or F0-F1 complex

Illustration:

ETS needs to work at all times and should not stop. If it stops, the organism will die.

Cyanide inhibits the Cytochrome c oxidase or complex IV of the ETS. Due to this, the ETS stops which leads to death of the organism.

 

Which two hormones are responsible for the regulation of kidney function? How do these hormones work?

There are 3 mechanisms for kidney function

The first 2 increase action of kidneys and the 3rd one decreases the action of kidneys

1. Renin-Angiotensin mechanism:

A fall in glomerular blood flow causes release of renin hormone via Juxta-Glomerular cells.

The renin hormone converts Angiotensin I into Angiotensin II, which is a powerful vasoconstrictor.

It constricts the blood vessels to increase the glomerular blood flow.

The Angiotensin II also causes release of Aldosterone from the adrenal cortex, which causes reabsorption of Na+ and water from distal parts of tubule.

This also leads to an increase in blood pressure and GFR

Illustration:

2) Anti-Diuretic hormone mechanism;

Hypothalamus releases ADH (also called as vasopressin) from neurohypophysis.

It facilitates water reabsorption from the latter part of the tubule.

It can also affect kidney function via its effects on blood vessels.

This increases the blood pressure due to which GFR increases.

3) Anti-Natritretic factor:

An increase in blood pressure causes the heart to release Anti-Natritretic factor.

It is a vasodilator which dilates the blood vessels, hence effectively decreasing the blood pressure and hence counters the Renin-Angiotensin mechanism.

Hope this helps

PS: GFR and Glomerular blood flow are the same thing.