Human Diseases

According to World Health Organization (WHO) health is defined as a stage of complete physical, mental and social well being and not merely the absence of disease or infirmity and the term disease means dis ease or without ease or discomfort. Therefore the disease ca be defined as the malfunctioning of the body organs due to one reason or the other. The human disease can be broadly categoriesed in Communicable (infectious) and non-communicable (Non infectious) disease.

Among the communicable disease, malaria is caused by Plasmodium. Headache, nausea, muscular pains and high fever are its main symptoms. To protect from the disease one should have to protect himself from the mosquito bite and use of antimalarial medicines like Quinine, Paludrine. Metakalfin etc.

Influenza (Flu) is highly infectious disease caused by Myxovirus influenzae. Sneezing, coughing, fever, are its main symptoms. There is no effective control for influenza is available. Jaundice or hepatitis spread mostly through contaminated food and water with hepatitis virus. High fever, headache, loss of appetite with dark yellow urine are its main symptoms. Rabies (Hydrophobia) spread through bite of a rabies dog, Fox, Cats mainly. Severe headache high fever, and painful contraction of muscles of throat and chest. Severe damage to CNS causes paralysis and painful death. AIDS is caused by HIV virus. It causes secondary immune deficiency disorders. It is preventable but not curable. Loss of weight diarrhea, fall in Lymphocyte count are the main symptom.

Tuberculosis s caused by Mycobacterium tuberculosis. Here patient feels sick and weak. Loss of weight, chest pain and breathlessness are common features. Use of BCG vaccine protect from disease. Cholera is common during fairs and after flood. It is caused by vibrio cholerae and spread by contamination, Immunization of crowded place, use of boiled water personal hygiene helps in prevention. Use of ORS and anti bacterial medicines is suggested.

Typhoid is the most common communicable disease of India; occurring in the age group of 1-15 years mainly. It's caused by salmonella typhi. Headache and high fever, continues. TAB vaccination, provides immunity for 3 years. Typhoral vaccine also prevents typhoid. Diarrhea is mainly caused by some type of bacteria, protozoa and virus. Frequent loose motions and vomiting, leading to dehydration. Use of ORS, husk of isabgol seed, pulp of unripe banana and antimicrobial drugs provide relief.

Among non-communicable disease Marasmus, Kwashiorkor is mainly caused by protein deficiency while anemia and goitre is caused by deficiency of Iron and Iodine respectively.

Xeropthalmia, Beri-Beri, Rickets, Pellagra, Scurvey are the important vitamin deficiency disease. These disease can be cured by proper dietry supply.